AIR TRANSPORT British Airways

British Airways the next 100 years

2019 has seen British Airways celebrating its 100th birthday with aircraft painted in liveries of its predecessors to an exhibition at the Saatchi Gallery on future flight. MARTYN CARTLEDGE looks forward to the next 100 years to see what might be available to BA’s customers by its second centenary in 2119.

​On 27 July BA was already looking to the future, as it took delivery of the first of 18 new Airbus A350-1000s, with a further three to be in service before the end of the year. BA says that new aircraft will benefit passengers with reduced noise levels, ambient lighting and higher levels of humidity, as well as offering environmental benefits with 25% lower fuel burn reducing CO² emissions.

Introduction of the A350-1000 is being done in phases. Phase one came immediately after delivery with the aircraft performing Madrid sectors to allow crews to perfect their customer service delivery and familiarise themselves with the aircraft layout.

September saw Phase two with the aircraft flying initially to Dubai and with the arrival of the second aircraft. Toronto, Tel Aviv and Bangalore will follow, with BA aiming to have four in service before the end of the year.

Carolina Martinoli, British Airways’ Director of Brand and Customer Experience, said this of the new type: “We first started talking about this aircraft three years ago. Since then, many British Airways colleagues have spent days, weeks and months designing, testing and re-testing. Add to that the logistics, the service standards, safety, route planning and many other features.”

The A350s are just part of the airline’s fleet renewal plans. As part of a £6.5bn investment, BA will, over the next five years, acquire 73 more fuelefficient, quieter aircraft, including A350s, 787s, 777-9s, A320neos and A321neos, while retiring or standing down some of the older B747s, B777s, A319s and A320s.

Refreshing Business Class

As well as replacing ageing 747s slated for retirement between 2020 and 2023, the new A350s will offer British Airways’ new Business Class, the Club Suite with 56 seats set into a 1-2-1 herringbone configuration. This will offer customers direct aisle access, a tailored fully-flat bed, a personal door to create greater privacy, faster Wi-Fi and enhanced IFE with 18.5in touchscreens.

Says Martinoli: “The Club Suite which is organised in a new 1-2-1 configuration includes direct aisle access for every customer (with) a new door for the option of increased privacy – everything you see has been designed with the customer in mind and was developed and informed by the feedback they have given us. The seat will also boast 40% more storage, more personal space and comfort, Wi-Fi and high definition gate-to-gate IFE.”

The new suite follows a trend set by the likes of Qatar with its QSuite and Delta One suite where the level of equipment and comfort starts knocking on the door of a lot of first class offerings.

While the seats in first class are not being replaced, the services and products on offer are being upgraded to compete with premium cabin services offered by other airlines.

Says Martinoli of the future for BA’s First Class product: “Our First cabin offers customers a different experience to Club World with a dine-on demand service, fine wines, a larger seat, supersoft pyjamas and access to a number of exclusive lounges. We’ve been investing in First too as we’re set to deliver significant changes to the onboard product and service as part of our £6.5bn investment for customers. The new look and feel includes new luxurious bedding, amenities and menus that would not look out of place in a fivestar British hotel.”

It is no secret that BA has, in recent years, fallen behind its competitors in the lucrative premium cabin stakes and the lack of investment was beginning to show, something they are now keen to reverse. That said, Alex Cruz, Chairman and CEO says the carrier is not aiming to duplicate all the types of facilities seen on some competitors’ aircraft, it is more about service received: “We don’t believe in showers onboard, we don’t believe our customers are requesting that, particularly when you look at our network and where we fly to and the length of our flights. We do know that our customers are looking for privacy, storage space and certain types of food. We must be there to respond to a demand for luxury services, so we are very much committed to do it.”

BA Change and Development Manager Jonathan Foster concurs: “Anybody that has flown British Airways in First before will notice that everything has changed, apart from our salt and pepper.” This complete change in service, equipment and menus needs to be done seamlessly, as with a first class seat costing around £5,000 on the lucrative LHR – JFK route “It’s an expensive part of the aircraft to fly in, therefore we need to deliver to their [the passengers’] levels of expectation”.

One of the, perhaps not so noticeable, changes has been to introduce full size dinner service to in-flight catering, not something that has been the norm in the past. Says BA’s Foster: “Airline catering equipment has, in the past, been designed to fit into the small space that are the galleys. So our challenge has been, ‘how can we put full-size dinner service on board within the space that we have’, and we have done that.” With the use of this new crockery the airline is ‘Trying to bring a bit of theatre back into the cabin.’

While the A350 is at the forefront of current fleet renewal for BA, there are another new 73 aircraft on order with the new Club World suites not only being installed on all new aircraft but being retrofitted to the existing fleet during planned maintenance.

Electric vehicles

BA has been innovating since the first AT&T flight took off from a muddy field in Hounslow, from in-flight movies to supersonic transport. However, not all of the recent innovations are something the airline’s customers are likely to easily see. For example, currently being trialled around the apron are automated baggage dollies. Using GPS technology, these self-driving electric vehicles are intended to increase the speed of loading and unloading luggage.

Once ready to depart, BA aircraft are pushed back by 25 Mototok remote control electric tugs – the only airline for which these are currently in use. BA is also using a fleet of electric London taxis as part of its fleet of chauffeur-driven executive vehicles.

Looking to the future

Looking further into the future, BA commissioned a report entitled BA2119: Flight of the Future which looks at what air travel might look like in ten, 20, 50 or even 100 years into the future.

BA’s Chairman and CEO Alex Cruz explains: “Our Flight of the Future report brings together the results of one of the largest global consumer travel surveys of its kind, exploring new technological, scientific and socioeconomic drivers of change, culminating with a vision of the flight of the future. The findings are fascinating – from the possibility of 3D printing of food, to super slow air cruises and organisms that collect water from outside the aircraft.”

Virtual reality was a big topic with large numbers of customers around the globe being ‘excited’ about what this might offer. However, while two thirds of those consulted would will bewilling to try out an AI assistant, three quarters would still require a real person to talk to.

Environmental concerns were also evident, with just under half those surveyed saying that they would be prepared to pay more or travel slower if this was the more environmentally-friendly way. Meanwhile, electrification and other emerging sustainable energy sources, such as waste-to-jet fuel, will soon offer new possibilities for powering flights. Interestingly, despite the acceptance of slower and more environmentally friendly flights, the advances in jet propulsion technology also makes the resurgence of supersonic air travel a real possibility.

Passenger use of technology

Technology is set to change the whole passenger travel experience. Manchester Airport is developing an app which will guide passengers to a parking spot, have their pre-ordered dutyfree goods ready for them and ensure that they arrive at the correct gate at the right time. Growth in consumer spending is what is driving this hyper-personalisation and will also find its way on board as well, with augmented reality allowing windowless aircraft and virtual worlds within the cabin. Some basic functions could also be automated via the use of holographic flight attendants, allowing for a more attentive and personalised service by the remaining human staff.

The potential use of LiFi, which can deliver speeds of 8GB via lightwaves, is something that could be used to transform in-flight experience, allowing for content streaming, enhanced capabilities to work and even remote customs and immigration verification. Companies are also already looking into biometric identity devices which will be able to deliver instant passenger recognition.

Virtual reality is also likely to find its way into aircraft cabins, going beyond personalised entertainment headsets and games to executing traditional cabin crew functions.

Personal wellbeing

Health in the air is already being improved with the new generation of airliners being pressurised to mimic a lower altitude, mood lighting to assist with jet lag and better filtration and humidity systems. This is likely to be taken to new levels with systems built into the aircraft’s very fabric. One system under development uses low voltage moisture that bursts into electrostatic, atomised particles to continually deodorise the air around a passenger’s seat. This system also rids the air and surfaces of viruses, allergens and bacteria

Further into the future, 3D printing will assemble any meal the passenger requires, as well as providing pills with melatonin and other supplements to make jet lag a thing of the past. Chip implants will be able to interface with various muscle groups to combat stiffness and strain.

Greener aircraft

Current technology is also being brought into the aviation world, including solar panels on aircraft to provide a constant source of energy while flying, as well as onboard carbon capture facilities which can pull CO2 2 out of the atmosphere.

There is also talk about the use of the cabin for areas other than just seating, such as onboard zones for different activities like immersive entertainment, language lessons and destination information or even health-driven facilities allowing passengers to feel better at the end of the journey than the beginning. Only time will tell whether these ideas will fare any better than previous ideas like casinos and shops!

New forms of transport

One scenario even talks about how demand for faster travel might bring together all parts of the passengers’ journey. One such idea is an integrated hyperloop style transit system with customers sitting on an allocated train seat which is then loaded onto an aeroplane for onward travel or VTOL drones flying in groups at times transporting people directly to their destination from their homes. Most aircraft designed for rapid intercontinental travel will be equipped with engines of a hypersonic hybrid air breathing design.

Looking further in the future, flying may be enhanced by the accessibility of space and low Eaaarth orbit, pioneered by vehicles currently in development by companies such as Virgin Galactic and SpaceX.

Another development currently under consideration which almost begs the statement ‘beam me up Scotty’ are ‘space elevators’ which would involve a carbon nanotube construction enabling individuals to reach low-Earth orbit without the use of spacecraft, from which they can then easily travel to other destinations.

The future is now

Some of these visions are already being realised. Earlier this year, BA started a trial of 3D virtual reality headsets showing programmes in 2D, 3D or 360° formats for customers travelling on select flights in first class from London Heathrow to New York JFK. Meanwhile, IAG, British Airways’ parent company, is to invest $400m over the next 20 years on alternative sustainable fuel development. BA is the first airline in Europe to invest in building a plant which converts organic household waste into renewable jet fuel to power its fleet.